HomeMy WebLinkAbout2005-04-05-tcc-emergency-power-guidelinesEmergency, Legally Required Standby, and Optional Standby Backup Power Systems Supplement
1. Requirements
A. Provide engineered construction documents for all TCCD (referred to as “district”)
projects for necessary backup power provisions within all facilities, where the necessary
loads and operations of a building are present as outlined in this guideline, or where
operations may require special considerations not included in this guideline, but require
backup power for purposes indicated by project scope of work outlines. The design
professional shall review all requirements present within this guideline, and those
implied by individual building operations or published deliverable, as it applies to each
project distributed for professional services by the district.
B. The Design Professional shall communicate in writing with TCD for specific requirements
that may not be expressly stated within this document. Where variance from this
guideline is deemed necessary, the Design Professional shall use the variance request
forms to request variation with TCCD. Forms available from the district.
C. This guide outlines minimum backup power performance in the case of an “Event”; See
“Definitions.”
D. Codes and Standards
1. Provide emergency, legally required, and optional standby systems meeting
the requirements of the following listed standards, in the year applicable to
the AHJ associated with the project site.
i. NFPA 70 (NEC)
ii. NFPA 20, 30, 37, 101, 110
iii. UL 58, 142, 924, 1008, 1085, 2200
iv. IEEE C62.41.1, 446
v. NEMA MG1
E. Definitions:
1. Event: an occurrence of any type that requires the backup power systems to
become the source of energy for the facility, structure, building, campus, and
any systems within. Events shall not be limited only to loss of normal power
outages, but also outages that may occur due to on-premise emergencies, acts
of god, weather, vandalism, criminal activities, or any other scenario that
require both backup power and operational capabilities of the district to
manage the event while also maintain operability to assist in mitigation of
damages and losses to persons, property, and hardware/software information
storage systems.
2. Life Safety: as defined by NEC 700, generally considered as a branch of backup
power necessary to promote safe and timely evacuations.
3. Legally Required Standby: as defined by NEC 701, generally considered as a
branch of backup power necessary to prevent impediments to rescue
operations.
4. Optional Standby: as defined by NEC 702. And for the purposes of this
guideline and operational criteria of the district, this branch is required to be
operational at all times, only subject to the priority of Life Safety and Legally
Required branches (where present) and it shall not be acceptable for design
and implement such a backup power system that is inadequate in allowing this
branch to operate. This branch includes safeguards necessary to add extra
layers of protections and abilities to operate facilities and buildings during
normal power outages.
F. Materials, accessories, design coordination
1. The following are all acceptable systems for emergency and backup power
sources. As technology changes, the Design Professional is expected to
consider the following options for each project. Not all are fully described in
this TDG. Where outlined, the DP must follow the guideline or submit
variance requests. Where using systems not described in this TDG, such as
“DC Power Plants”, direct coordination with TCCD for best practices is
required:
i. Natural Gas Engine Driven generator (preferred)
ii. Diesel Engine Driven Generator
iii. Uninterruptible Power Supplies (UPS) (centralized or distributed)
iv. Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS)
v. DC Power Plants
vi. Inverters
vii. All systems must be acceptable to TCCD prior to final specification, for
each project site.
G. Include Automatic Transfer Switches
H. Include Manual transfer switches, where required by NEC 700. Include camlock docking
stations, or other TCCD approved method.
I. Include generator distribution panels, or other approved methods per NEC, of
separation between generator breaker devices
J. All generators shall include weatherproof and sound reducing enclosures. Sound criteria
shall be based on design professional recommendations based on unit location.
K. Integral undermounted fuel tanks (Belly Tanks, where applicable)
L. Include engineered equipment pads, collision and clearance bollards
M. Include generator screening enclosures where located in highly visible areas
1. Where screened, provide necessary clearances from solid and/or perforated
screenings.
2. Coordinate all air and maintenance clearances with manufacturer of
equipment and design professionals included with construction screen
enclosures
N. Include sound reduction enclosures for all exterior located generators.
O. Color Codes and Identification:
1. All receptacles shall be colored to identify them as Receptacles served by
backup power in accordance with other sections of TCCD guidelines
2. All conduit shall be separate from normal power and be clearly marked as
such.
P. Coordinate necessary battery storage spaces to applicable codes for fire protection.
1. Coordinate with architectural design professional for space ratings where
necessary for battery storage systems (all types)
2. Acceptable Manufacturers
A. Engine and Alternator:
1. Cummins
2. Owner Approved equal.
B. Automatic Transfer Switch
1. ASCO
2. Owner Approved equal
C. Manual Transfer Switches
1. ASCO
2. Owner Approved Equal
D. UPS
1. APC
2. Owner Approved Equal
3. System Configuration
A. Refer to diagrams at the end of this section for hierarchy of systems. System names
and/or descriptions may vary on each building. The Design Professional is required to
verify that all necessary systems outlined in this guide are furnished the necessary type
of backup power.
B. Provide the following branches, listed in order of hierarchy and operational priority, as
minimally required to meet the codes referenced in this outline, or any additional codes
and standards that may be applicable to specialized facilities.
1. Life Safety/Emergency
i. Limited to life safety systems only, such as egress/emergency lighting,
Fire Alarm, Fire Pumps, or any other systems as defined by applicable
codes
ii. No other components except those specifically defined as Life
Safety/Emergency shall be placed on distribution branches identified for
such purposes
iii. No Life Safety/Emergency elements may be placed on any other branch
not identified as Life Safety/Emergency
2. Legally Required Standby
i. Generally, not required for the majority of TCCD facilities. Provide
Legally required branches only where required by the Authority Having
Jurisdiction, or, where specifically identified by the Design professional
as required
ii. Notify TCCD when a legally required branch is included in design such
that the district may determine if the facility programming merits the
need of this branch.
3. Optional Standby
i. All loads deemed necessary to facility operations - where not already
included in Life Safety or Legally required above. Examples include:
a. Intercommunications (Intercom), Mass-notification, Telecom,
Data communication, Security, Access control, surveillance,
Emergency Assistance phones (Code-Blue Phones)
b. Convenience and general use receptacles
c. Academic Support Systems, such as: Refrigeration and
refrigerators and other systems requested by a Specific User or
Department
ii. Identified as Optional by NEC 702, but shall remain critical as defined by
TCCD for operation and facility management purposes.
iii. Where indicated to be included with a UPS, the UPS may be distributed
or central, as deemed best fit by the design professional.
iv. Optional loads shall be required to run on generator and/or UPS backup,
where identified in the sections below.
v. Classification of any electrical system as ‘Critical’ as defined and
governed by NEC 708 is prohibited, unless specific direction is given by
TCCD to the Design Professional. For the purposes of this guideline, the
term ‘critical’ is as it applies to TCCD operations, and not as defined by
the NEC.
vi. Loads shall be operable during an “Event”. This may include simple
power outages through active emergency scenarios. The optional
standby power system must support the loads indicated in each section
of this guideline, in all scenarios that include power outages during
active emergencies or other ‘Events’.
4. Technical operations
A. All systems shall include the minimum performances listed here:
1. Priority of operations:
i. Life Safety
ii. Legally Required
iii. Optional Standby
2. Capacities (All backup power types:
i. All systems shall have ability to accommodate 25% future growth, unless
alternate criteria is given by the district
ii. Generators shall be sized using Starting KVA values, and shall be sized
such that the preceding step of the backup power system can remaining
online and lower-priority steps are added.
iii. All systems shall have a runtime at rated capacities of 48-hours, or have
redundant backups to allow 48 hour runtime (for example, a UPS that
requires only 4 hours runtime where receiving backup power from a
generator with 48 hour runtime is considered to be online for 48hrs)
3. Generator operations:
i. All generators shall be analyzed for the need to furnish load banks, in
coordination with the manufacturer. Provide load banks (Static/fixed or
modulating) as required by generator manufacturer.
ii. Startup and transfer to backup power system based on normal service
quality limits set forth by NFPA 110, 101, 20, or other guidelines
applicable for Life Safety branches
iii. Remain online for 15 minutes after normal power returns, prior to
return transfer to normal power.
iv. .5% voltage and frequency regulation.
v. Weekly or monthly automatic exercising, based on generator
recommendations by manufacturer, not to exceed time periods beyond
monthly exercising.
vi. Cool down cycles after all start cycles
4. Services and warranties
i. Include startup and commissioning services of all backup power systems
with manufacturer technicians and district personnel.
ii. Include 8-hour training, Times scheduled with district personnel at their
availability
iii. Include extended maintenance agreements for a minimum of 3-years
upon installation of backup power system
iv. Include 10-year warranties on all engines and alternators. Include 5-
year warranties on all battery-based systems.
5. Controls integrations
i. All backup power systems shall be fully monitored by district building
automation and reporting systems.
ii. Generators:
a.
5. Specific Requirements (“User” and/or “Department” Requirements)
A. System names and/or descriptions may vary on each building, and will overlap within
buildings. It is expected the requirements for Academics may otherwise be addressed
within IT, Access, or Facilities sections. It is expected that as each element applies within
a specific group, it applies wholly within the building or structure, and across all specific
groups and department. The Design Professional shall review all necessary systems
outlined in this guide and furnish the necessary type of backup power.
B. IT (MDF and IDF)
1. Emergency and Life Safety:
i. Subject to the requirements listed elsewhere in this guideline for
facilities and structures that contain this specific group or department.
ii. Emergency Lighting
a. All IT spaces shall have, at a minimum, 1 fixture designated as an
emergency fixture.
b. Where deemed necessary by the design professional, based on
size of each individual IT space, more emergency designated
fixtures are acceptable to maintain egress from the space, or
sufficient illumination for protection of personnel in the event of
a power failure while maintaining equipment
iii. Fire Alarm
iv. Fire Suppression/detection
a. All fire suppression and detection systems, including all
necessary compressors, controls, monitors
2. Optional Standby (Without UPS):
i. General Power Receptacles
a. All IT spaces shall have at least 1 receptacle on standby power,
per space.
b. Larger IT spaces, >100SF, shall have 2 or more at the discretion
of the design professional.
c. General power receptacles shall be for convenience use only,
and shall not be reserved for IT systems. provide additional
specially for IT systems as required by those systems.
ii. Backup HVAC
a. All IT spaces with backup HVAC (not those deemed as primary
HVAC) shall be served with power supplied from this branch.
3. Optional Standby (With UPS):
i. Elevators
a. Where Elevators are required for Life Safety and egress
purposes, ensure necessary communications for elevators are
included in this branch.
b. Where dictated by jurisdiction only, this item may be considered
“Legally required” and not “Life safety” and shall be relocated to
the Legally Required branch where dictated by AHJ.
c. Where required for life safety, elevators shall be furnished with
controls and features allowing operation while operating on
generator power. Do not use any manufacturer furnished
battery lowing features in these applications.
ii. Carrier Racks
iii. Access controls
iv. Panic Alarms
v. Server Racks
vi. Switch Racks
vii. Relay Racks
viii. Emergency Assistance Phones (Code-Blue Phones) Phones
a. Classroom Emergency Assistance Phones (Code-Blue Phones)
b. Corridor Emergency Assistance Phones (Code-Blue Phones)
c. Emergency Assistance Phones (Code-Blue Phones) located in all
parking lots and garages.
ix. BAS status monitoring
a. Monitor BAS for Power status only. The design professional
shall provide the ability to determine if a power failure has
occurred, but shall not be required to keep uninterruptible
power to any BAS system, unless the portion of that system
affects the operation of any previously listed critical system.
x. Building Notification and messaging systems ( often referred to as the
Alertus system)
a. Including power to messaging displays, speakers, and any other
notification devices or distribution cabinets associated.
xi. Mass Communication systems
C. Real Estate and Facilities, Central Utility Plant, Facility Ops
1. Emergency and Life Safety:
i. Subject to the requirements listed elsewhere in this guideline for
facilities and structures that contain this specific group or department.
ii. Emergency Lighting
a. All HVAC, electrical, equipment spaces shall be furnished with
emergency lighting for general illumination during a power
failure.
b. Provide egress lighting as required by other codes elsewhere in
all facilities as necessary for egress purposes
c. All egress exterior exits to the public way shall be furnished with
egress lighting immediately adjacent, and on the exterior of, the
egress door.
d. Pedestrian canopies shall be lit with egress lighting the entire
length of the canopy to the same illumination level required
inside the structure.
iii. Fire Alarm
iv. Fire Pumps
v. Elevators
a. Not all elevators shall be required for egress purposes, and
therefore may not be a life safety load. The project Architect
shall identify where Elevators are required for Egress purposes
in accordance with IBC 2018 chapters 11 and 30.
b. Where Elevators are required for Life Safety and egress
purposes, ensure necessary communications for elevators are
included in this branch.
c. Where dictated by jurisdiction only, this item may be considered
“Legally required” and not “Life safety” and shall be relocated to
the Legally Required branch where dictated by AHJ.
d. Where required for life safety, elevators shall be furnished with
controls and features allowing operation while operating on
generator power. Do not use any manufacturer furnished
battery lowing features in these applications.
2. Legally Required Standby:
i. Elevators
a. Legally Required Branch as applicable to Elevators shall not be
utilized unless required by local AHJ.
ii. Exhaust of noxious gasses
a. Where gases are stored or contained, and subject to causing an
impediment to building rescue, as described in NEC 701, these
systems utilized to exhaust these spaces shall be served by this
branch.
b. Such locations where noxious gasses may be present include:
i. Pool and pool chemical handling/storage rooms
ii. Science labs
iii. Chemical Accumulation buildings
iii. Sump Pumps
a. Existing facilities/renovations: Only where individually located
where a loss of power would prevent rescue operations.
b. New construction: coordination between trades shall be
initiated by the Design professional to prevent installation of any
sump pump in a location that could be considered impactful to
building rescue operations.
c. Installation of new sump pumps deemed ‘Legally Required’ is
not permitted without TCCD notifications and acceptance.
3. Optional Standby (Without UPS):
i. General Power Receptacles
a. All work and equipment spaces shall have at least 1 receptacle
on standby power, per space.
b. Larger IT spaces, >100SF, shall have 2 or more at the discretion
of the design professional.
c. General power receptacles shall be for convenience use only,
and shall not be reserved for any specific system. Provide
additional receptacles and do not share general receptacles with
specific use receptacles
d. Hydronic pumps as required for freeze protection
e. Minimum Building Automation systems as required for freeze
protection hydronic flow.
f. All Food Service Chillers and refrigeration systems, such as walk-
in coolers or walk-in freezers
g. Central Plant and Facility Operations control rooms
i. Shall include sufficient receptacles as to allow users to
operate workstations for plant control. Exact number
and quantity of connections shall be coordinated with
TCCD and other disciplines to ensure sufficient
connections (receptacle or otherwise) are present.
h. Fuel Islands
i. Provide electrical services capable of allowing refueling
of vehicles while on generator power.
ii. Includes all peripherals and or computers and network
systems necessary to facilitate fueling operations.
D. Risk
1. Emergency and Life Safety:
i. Emergency Lighting
a. As listed elsewhere in this guideline as applicable to the
buildings and structures used to operate this specific group or
department.
2. Optional Standby (With UPS):
i. Campus Sirens
a. Power supplies and infrastructures for all campus sirens
b.
E. Access
1. Emergency and Life Safety:
i. Emergency Lighting
a. As listed elsewhere in this guideline as applicable to the
buildings and structures used to operate this specific group or
department.
2. Optional Standby (Without UPS):
i. Convenience receptacles shall be placed throughout in a manner in
which critical operations workstations, spaces, meeting rooms, utility
closets, and other spaces used for the purpose of managing access
throughout the district have 25% of the receptacles in these spaces as
operable during a normal power outage condition. Subject to color
coding of the receptacle as listed in this guideline.
ii. A receptacle with backup power available shall be located adjacent to all
access control cabinets or interface points for use and/or
troubleshooting during a normal power outage condition.
3. Optional Standby (With UPS):
i. Campus Sirens
a. Power supplies and infrastructures for all campus sirens
F. PD/Command
1. Emergency and Life Safety:
i. Emergency Lighting
a. As listed elsewhere in this guideline as applicable to the
buildings and structures used to operate this specific group or
department.
2. Optional Standby (Without UPS):
i. General receptacles:
a. shall be placed throughout in a manner in which critical
operations workstations, spaces, meeting rooms, utility closets,
and other spaces used for the purpose of managing access
throughout the district have 25% of the receptacles in these
spaces as operable during a normal power outage condition.
Subject to color coding of the receptacle as listed in this
guideline.
b. A receptacle shall be located at all workstations and computers
necessary for the specific group to operate and manage
emergencies, hazards, or any other response scenario required
of the specific group or department.
c. Individual and personnel workstations shall be furnished with
point of use UPS devices (Furnished by owner) and be provided
with receptacles served by backup power.
ii. Backup HVAC for areas that remain occupied during an Event
a. Where backup HVAC does not exist, notify the design team such
that necessary updates or changes to the design may be
accommodated as it is not practical, nor the intention of the
design guide, to require a campus-wide or building-wide
iii. Building Automation System (BAS) – only as required to run backup
HVAC systems during an Event
a. Personnel occupied facilities
b. Network and communication spaces
c. Dispatch spaces
iv. Radio dispatch system
3. Optional Standby (With UPS):
i. Security Camera systems
ii. All servers and switches, and those network components necessary to
maintain network communication to the incoming utility provider
G. Academics
1. Emergency and Life Safety:
i. Emergency Lighting
a. Egress Lighting, interior and exterior, as required to evacuate all
persons from any space to the ‘public way’, as defined by
NFPA101.
i. Emergency lighting for areas designated by the architect
as “Areas of Refuge”
ii. Exit signage
iii. Exterior Egress lighting at all egress doors with
illumination to the ‘public way’ as defined by NFPA101.
iv. As listed elsewhere in this guideline as applicable to the
buildings and structures used to operate this specific
group or department.
b. Fire Alarm
c. Fire Pumps
d. Fire Protection
2. Optional Standby (Without UPS):
i. General receptacles:
a. Convenience receptacles only in spaces that contain backup
power distribution equipment
ii. Special Utilization equipment
a. Refrigerators/freezers for use:
i. Temperate sensitive contents
ii. Nuclear medicines
iii. Scientific materials
b. Specific Equipment/Loads by Department and Functional Areas:
Department/Functional
Area
Applicable Campus Perceived Requirement (Back-up
Power Load Served)
Notes/Exceptions NE NW SE SO TR
Health Services X X X X X
Nurse's Station Refrigerators
Back-up Power is not
required for Nurse's Station
Refrigerators.
Sciences (Biology and
Chemistry)
X
X
X
X
X
Refrigerators, freezers, incubators
or other equipment supporting
long duration student or faculty
experiments
Back-up Power is required for
several pieces of equipment
in Science Buildings
districtwide. Design
Consultants must Coordinate
with district on case-by-case basis
Horticulture X X
Greenhouses
Back-up Power is required
for Greenhouse MEP Support
Systems
Culinary
X Refrigerator and Freezer in
Kitchens
Back-up Power is required
for Refrigerator and Freezers
in Kitchens
Health Sciences
X
TRHN-2111 Gamma Camera
Back-up Power is required
for Gamma Camera MEP
Support Systems
6. Equipment Hierarchy
A. Hierarchy depicted below represent the general organization of systems based on
branch of backup power utilized.
B. The Engineer of Record shall coordinate all and furnished electrical provisions to each of
the specific components required within the organizational charts below. For Example,
where Generator power to Emergency Assistance Phones (Code-Blue Phones) is
required, this must include the Emergency Assistance Phones (Code-Blue Phones) and
any supporting infrastructure required to have reliable connectivity to the district
monitoring and reporting networks.
PANIC ALARMS
ACCESS CONTROL
SWITCH RACKS
UPS
BAS STATUS MONITORING (NOT CONTROL)
PANIC ALARM
ACCESS CONTROL
CARRIER RACK
OPTIONAL STANDBY
SERVER RACK
GENERAL RECEPTACLES
IDF
FIRE ALARM
RELAY RACK
UPS
MASS COMM SYSTEMS
OPTIONAL STANDBY
BACKUP HVAC
GENERAL RECEPTACLES
LIFE SAFETY
EGRESS LIGHTING
MDF
BACKUP POWER SOURCE
BAS STATUS MONITORS
EMERGENCY ASSISTANCE PHONES
FIRE SUPPRESSION/ PROTECTION
FIRE ALARM EMERGENCY/ LIFE SAFETY
EGRESS LIGHTING
C. IT (MDF/IDF)
D. Real-Estate & Facilities, Central Utility Plant (REF/CUP)
EGRESS LIGHTING
FIRE PROTECTION
LIFE SAFETY
FIRE PUMPS
FIRE ALARM CHEM. ACCUM. BLDGS
NOXIOUS GAS EXHAUST POOL & POOL CHEM STOR
LEGALLY REQUIRED SUMP/EJECTORS PUMPS SCIENCE LABS
BACKUP POWER SOURCE ELEVATOR (ONLY WHERE REQ BY AHJ)
HYDRONIC PUMPS (FREEZE PROTECTION)
HYDRONIC PUMP FREEZE PROTECTION BAS
GENERAL RECEPTACLES
OPTIONAL CENTRAL PLANT CONTROL ROOMS
FACILITY OPS CONTROL ROOMS
FUEL ISLANDS
FOOD SERVICE COOLER FREEZER
VARIOUS RECEPTACLES FOR CONVENIENCE
ACCESS CONTROL UPS
OPTIONAL BACKUP POWER
SOURCE
E. Risk
BACKUP POWER SOURCE
OPTIONAL UPS CAMPUS SIRENS
F. Access
ALL SERVERS & SWITCHES
UPS
SECURITY CAMERAS
FIBER COMM. LINKS & ASSOC. COMPONENTS
RADIO DISPATCH SYSTEM
BAS
VARIOUS RECEPTACLES FOR CONVENIENCE
BACKUP HVAC
OPTIONAL
BACKUP POWER SOURCE
DISTRIBUTED ANTENNA SYSTEMS
FIRE ALARM LIFE SAFETY
EGRESS LIGHTING
G. PD/Command
ELEVATOR
OPTIONAL
SUPPORT SYSTEMS (REFRIGERATORS, COOLERS, AND OTHER NECESSARY SUPPORT APPLIANCES AND DEVICES)
BACKUP POWER SOURCE
FIRE PROTECTION
FIRE ALARM LIFE SAFETY
EGRESS LIGHTING
H. Academics